Document Type

Research Report

Publication Date

3-2026

Keywords

Elder Economic Security Standard Index, Elder Index, income, older adults, affordable housing, health care, Massachusetts

Disciplines

Demography, Population, and Ecology | Gerontology | Public Policy | Social Policy | Social Welfare

Abstract

New estimates from the 2025 Elder IndexTM demonstrate that the cost of living in Massachusetts has increased substantially in recent years for older adults, especially for renters. The Elder Index measures the necessary costs faced by households made up of one or two older adults, calculated county by county for the entire United States. Estimated costs are higher in Massachusetts than in any other state in the nation. Within the Commonwealth, the Elder Index is lowest in Western Massachusetts, and highest in Metro Boston, Martha’s Vineyard and Nantucket, with differences in the Elder Index across locations accounted for largely by the cost of housing. Comparing household incomes to the Elder Index, we calculate the percentage of independent older adults with incomes that do not support economic security. Massachusetts ranks second among the states in percentage of older singles with incomes below the Elder Index value, at 60%, and it ranks fifth nationally among couples, at 27%. Together, these figures suggest that over 300,000 Massachusetts single or coupled residents aged 65 or older live with incomes below what it takes to cover essentials.

Comments

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