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Abstract

Since 1995, government representatives from around the world have gathered nearly every year for the United Nations Conference of the Parties (COP) to advance work on multilateral agreements and to provide a way forward in tackling the significant challenges of climate change. The last of these conferences took place on November 6–20, 2022, in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt.

COP27 brought together more than 35,000 people from across the globe to deliberate on important actions for addressing the climate. Hailed as the “African COP” and “Implementation COP,” it raised expectations that decisions from previous conferences, reflecting the needs and priorities of the most vulnerable countries, will begin to be implemented. COP27 focused on elaborating implementation plans to shift ambition into action and specifically to strengthen climate change adaptation measures. During this conference, significant decisions included adaptation, mitigation, just transition, and finance. After two weeks of negotiations, COP27 adopted the Sharm el-Sheikh Implementation Plan (SHIP) as the main decision for guiding ambitious climate actions. Notable was the historical consensus on loss and damage funding arrangements.

This article will discuss key results of COP27 and expectations at COP28 including the first Global Stocktake.

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